If you haven’t bought any new appliances recently you may not know that the energy rating scale has changed. But if you have and didn’t really notice, that’s probably because it hasn’t changed by much. It still uses the graduated traffic light colour system; but the lettering scale has changed. This took effect in the UK March 2021.
In this article we will talk you through all you need to know about the new energy ratings label.

## What is the new energy ratings label?
The energy rating label for some appliances has changed. From March 2021 a new energy rating scale has been put in place to make it easier to distinguish between energy efficient appliances. When purchasing a new appliance, customers will be able to make a more informed decision and find it similar to compare products.

![energy ratings old vs new.webp](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662460063/energy_ratings_old_vs_new_882f64fa4c.webp)

## What are the new energy ratings?
The new energy ratings now rage from A to G. The new scale looks the same and still uses the identical coloured tier system. The removal of the + sign from the old A+++ to D scale will make it much clearer to identify the most efficient product to purchase. 
This new energy rating scale has been incorporated into a reworked energy label.  The label as a whole with all of its changes and new additions has become a beneficial tool when making an appliance purchase. More information on the new label changes can be found in this article.

Appliances included in the new energy ratings label:
- Refrigerator
- Freezer
- Wine cooler
- Washing machine 
- Washer dryer
- Dish washer
- TVs and displays

### Appliances not using the new rating label
Not all appliances use the new energy rating scale. This includes Tumble dryers, range hoods and ovens. This will no doubt come in the future; but a date has not yet been set.

Can you compare the old to the new energy ratings label?
You cannot directly compare the old label with the new. The change is not as simple as the old letters being shifted down the scale. Some testing methods to determine the efficiency of products have changed. With different calculations being used different results will be produced, meaning a direct correlation will not be possible. 

### What is the new A+++ energy rating?
The previous highest rating on the old scale was A+++. This was given to appliances with the highest rating in its class at the time. Although a direct comparison between the old and new energy scales can’t me make; a very rough guide can be followed. If your current appliance was rated A+++; on the new scale it could be compared at level B or lower. This correlation can then be cautiously allied to the other letters.

## Why did the energy rating scale change?
First introduced over 25 years ago; the energy ratings scale was due an update. Its initial use case has become outdated due to ever increasing appliance efficiency. The old scale’s range was unable to keep up with innovation. The majority of products resided in the top tiers of the scale which all consisted of A’s just with additional + signs. 

Of people surveyed, many found the system confusing. Not being able to determine much difference between all the A level products. Meaning, they though as long as the appliance had an A rating it would be good regardless the amount of +’s after it. This would result in consumers purchasing lower efficiency appliances and manufacturers not striving to create better products.

The new scale gets rid of all the + signs in favour of a simple A to G system. Staying very similar to the old style you may not notice much difference. Other than it will look like appliances have all of a sudden got very inefficient, as we are used to seeing mostly A rated products. 

![energy ratings label changes](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662460063/energy_ratings_label_changes_41f8e3126f.webp)

## New features on the energy ratings label
The new label features the updated energy scale, a QR code and additional intuitive icons (depending on the product type).
The new QR code feature can be found in the top right of the label. Using a smart phone you can scan the code to gain access to more in depth detail about that specific product. This will be great for in store purchases; as often not all specs are shown on the products displayed. 

There are also plenty of new icons accompanying the rating to help inform decisions on the efficiency of a product. 

An array of new icons can now be found on the new label. Some of these include ratings for noise levels, water consumption and capacity. These icons will give a better understanding of a products workings and easily comparable features.
Icons on the new energy ratings label:

1.	Capacity – Amount the appliance can hold. Refrigerators are measured in litres (L). Fridge and freezer sections indicated separately. Wine coolers indicate the number of bottles held. Washing machines are measured in kilograms (kg). Dishwashers indicate the number of place settings which can be held. A place setting is classed as 1x dinner plate, dessert plate, soup bowl, glass, cup, saucer and cutlery. 
2.	Water consumption – The amount of water used on the eco mode program, measured in litres.
3.	Spin drying – Efficiency rated A-G.
4.	Duration – Time taken to complete a cycle on the eco setting, measured in hours and minuets.
5.	Airborne acoustical noise emissions – Noise emitted in decibels (dB) rated on an A-D scale.
6.	HDR mode – energy used per 1000 hours in kWh in high dynamic range (HDR) mode.
7.	Resolution and screen size – Measured in pixels and cm/inches diagonally.

## How to recognise an efficient appliance?
The efficiency of products can vary. This is prominent when it comes to different product categories. Some sections of the market produce vastly more efficient products than others. For things like TVs and monitors the current highest rating on the market is a D. However there are already some washing machines and fridge freezers available to purchase that of A rating. This is important to know when shopping around for the most efficient appliance as it helps us understand the levels that are currently reached. The diagram below shows the current highest ratings achieved in each product category. This includes appliances using the new energy rating scale and ones that still adhere to the old scale. 

![energy ratings by appliance.webp](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662460063/energy_ratings_by_appliance_cb741d31a6.webp)

## What are the new energy ratings labels?
When looking at the new energy ratings label, you will notice some elements change according to the appliance category.  The rating scale, QR code and kWh number will always be present on the new label. The union jack can also be found in the top corner; showing the product was produced for the UK market. 

The bottom section of the label is where you’ll find the additional new icons; the information given here will depend on the appliance. 
The energy consumption, shown in kWh (kilowatt hours) will also depend on the appliance. There are three variations of how this is displayed:

1.	kWh/100 cycles - This is the amount of energy used per 100 cycles, usually measured on the eco setting of the appliance. This is for items with a specific run time, like washing machines and dishwashers.
2.	kWh/1000h - Energy used per 1000 hours the appliance is used. TVs, displays and light sources are measured in this way.
3.	kWh/annum - The amount of energy used per year. This is for appliances that are kept running 24/7, such as fridges and freezers.

![washing machine dishwasher energy rating label.webp](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1663157005/washing_machine_dishwasher_energy_rating_label_d3161c371c.webp)

### New energy label for dishwashers and washing machines

**Tips**

- When looking to purchase a wet appliance, choose a size best suited to your home’s needs. Don’t opt for something too big that you won’t be able to fully fill each time you use it. Similarly don’t go for something that’s too small that will mean doing multiple loads.
- Get a dishwasher with an eco-mode to reduce energy consumption.

![fridge freezer wine cooler energy rating label.webp](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1663157005/fridge_freezer_wine_cooler_energy_rating_label_6675701efb.webp)

### New energy label for refrigerators and freezers

**Tips**

- Choosing a cold appliance with a digital thermostat will help keep it regulated. Fridges should be kept around 5 degrees and freezers -18. For each degree the appliance is lowered there is an increase in energy consumption. 
- Auto defrost on a freezer is often a high energy consuming feature. Try choosing one without this feature.
- Consider where the appliance will be placed. You may want something with a lower noise rating. 

![tv energy rating label.webp](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1663157005/tv_energy_rating_label_dd0525b33c.webp)

### New energy label for televisions and electronic displays

**Tips**

- Consider the screen size; larger screens have higher energy consumption.
- Brightness and resolution can also affect consumption. Some models have auto functions for this. But by lowering both your display will use less energy.
- Most TVs now come with a power saving mode. Usually your TV will come with mode on; but do check as it will help reduce energy consumption. 

### Online energy ratings label
When shopping for an appliance online that adheres to the new energy rating label; you will see a more simplified version of the rating scale. A letter within a coloured arrow will indicate the appliances energy rating. When clicked on the full energy label will be displayed. 

![light sources energy rating label.webp](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1663157005/light_sources_energy_rating_label_c739adc810.webp)

## New energy label for light sources
The scale for light sources has also changed. This was more recently introduced in October 2021. We are currently within an 18 months transition period; where you could find products that show the old and new energy ratings labels. This transition period will end on 31 March 2023; after which producers and seller will no longer be able to display the old energy rating scale.
There has been a major crack down worldwide on the use of inefficient lighting. You can read more about bulbs that are affected in our [Light Bulb Ban](https://www.ethicalshift.com/sustainable-living/household/light-bulb-ban/) article.
You will find a plethora of icons shown on light bulb packaging, including the new energy rating label. The picture above shows the different indicators that can be found and what they mean.

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Ultimately this is a step in the right direction. Consumers will be able to make more informed decisions and clearer choices when picking energy efficient products. And manufacturers are now back in a race to be the best and produce the newest most efficient appliance. 
Will this new system last?... Only time will tell. But a governing body has been put in place to keep an eye on its progress and make any changes for the future. 

New Energy Ratings Label | Ethical Shift

Over recent years countries across the world have started to introduce bans for older style light bulbs, such as incandescent and halogen. These inefficient bulbs have been out performed by new much more energy efficient models, which are overall miles better for the environment.

Countries have taken to banning these bulbs at their own pace; with the earliest phase outs starting in the early 2000s. Australia, Venezuela and the European Union were some of the first countries to lead the way in this lighting transition.

In this article we will go through the different types of bulbs, their history and light bulb efficiency. As well as what light bulbs are currently banned, or will be in the future, and why.

## What are the 4 types of bulbs?
There are 4 main types of light bulb. These are:

1. Incandescent
2. Halogen
3. Fluorescent
4. Light Emitting Diode (LED)

## What is the difference between different types of light bulbs?
Incandescent Light Bulbs
These bulbs are the originals. When looking back in the history books at the creation of the light bulb; these are the type you see being demonstrated by their creator Thomas Edison in 1879.

Incandescent bulbs work using a simple process of current running through a filament; heating up enough to produce light. They emit a warm fiery glow with heat to match; making them extremely energy inefficient.

### Halogen Light Bulbs
As a one upper the halogen bulb is an advancement on the incandescent bulb; essentially using a bulb within a bulb. It has all the same traits as an incandescent bulb, but with the ability to last longer. Halogen gas used in the inner bulb prolongs the life of the filament. This allows it to emit light for an increased amount of hours compared to an incandescent bulb.

### Fluorescent and CFL Light Bulbs
These tube shaped bulbs give off bright fluorescent white light. Fluorescent and Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) bulbs contain gases as their accelerant to produce light; most commonly mercury. They originally came as straight pole strip lighting; this type can usually be found in offices or larger spaces. But the smaller twisted CFL screw in bulbs, are the ones most used in homes.

### LED (Light Emitting Diode) Light Bulbs
Simply put, an LED is like a little gadget; a small electric device containing a control chip and a light emitting diode. They can emit ample amounts of light, use less energy and lasting considerably longer. Whilst also not containing harmful chemicals or expelling excess heat; making it vastly superior to its earlier counterparts.

## History and efficiency of light bulbs
As time has gone on light bulbs have become more efficient. Incandescent bulbs, being the first to be produced, were not made with efficiency in mind. Their main focus was to produce light, which at the time was revolutionary. For these bulbs to emit light took a lot of energy and in turn produced a lot of wasteful heat. In fact 95% of an incandescent bulbs power is emitted as heat rather than light.

The life of incandescent bulbs was also relatively short. So the natural evolution was to create a bulb which gave more hours of light; this lead to the introduction of the halogen bulb.

Halogen bulbs last longer but did not really address energy usage or heat output. It became apparent over the years and due to energy shortages that bulbs needed to become more energy efficiently; rather that wasting large amounts through heat.

In the early 1900s a different form of lighting altogether was introduced in the form of fluorescent tube lighting. In performance they out shone their filament based competitors in every way. They produced bright white light, lasted longer and used less energy to power.

This was great for businesses, who took full advantage of this advancement. The fluorescent bulbs gave off vast amounts more and better quality light for their work spaces, whilst lowering energy costs. They were initially substantially more expensive than incandescent and halogen bulbs. But the benefits outweighed the cost and over time would come down in price.

For house holds the Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) was the winner. A smaller twisted tube with a screw in fitting; which could be placed into shaded lamps and spot lights, was much more convenient.

For all their positives, fluorescent lights also have a lot of negatives. They contain mercury, are noisy, can flicker and produce UV rays. They just don't cut it in terms of sustainability.

![light bulb efficiency](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662295826/light_bulb_efficiency_01abbde975.webp)

This leads us to the current efficiency champion of the bunch... LED! The versatility, efficiency and sustainability of these small Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) beat their predecessors by miles.

An LED has 90% (or higher) efficiency, compared to CFLs at 85% and incandescents at only 10% efficiency. They don't include any harmful chemicals and are able to be recycled and produced using recycled materials.

LEDs are currently our most optimal lighting solution on the market; with producers continuing to strive for advancements into even greater efficiency. The pinnacle has not yet been reached and still much more can be done to make the lighting industry and light bulbs a completely sustainable market.

## What types of bulbs are banned and why?
In many countries the phase out or ban of some older inefficient style bulbs, such as incandescent and halogen, was introduced earlier this century. This has been important for countries to do in the fight against climate change. The older inefficient light bulbs use vast amounts more energy than newer LED bulbs. And with LED bulbs now widely available to purchase, it makes inefficient bulbs obsolete and their phase out necessary.

### Incandescent light bulb ban
It was around 2007 when some countries initially started talks about taking action to invoke a ban on incandescent light bulbs; with Australia seemingly the first to act. No country imposed an outright ban of all incandescent bulbs. Most bans were to be done in phases; starting with prohibiting sales of the most inefficient incandescent bulbs first. Now almost all countries have a ban or phase out process of incandescent bulbs in place.

![light bulb phase out](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662295826/light_bulb_phase_out_c8b2f45226.webp)

### Halogen light bulb ban
The natural progression of the bans moved on to halogen bulbs; with them being of the same nature as incandescent. It has taken around another ten years for countries to start banning halogen bulbs. With countries like Australia, Switzerland and all European nations, who initiated the bulb bans, finally acting on halogens. The bans from these countries come into force within the last few years.

### Fluorescent light bulb ban
Although nowadays many fluorescent bulbs are high performing in terms of energy efficiency, some even outperforming LEDs. They are not sustainable and far from eco-friendly in almost every way. A fluorescent bulb's reliance on mercury is a major reason for calls of their demise. The production and disposal of fluorescent bulbs is hazardous and costly. Not to mention improper disposal or accidental breakages; which inadvertently releases harmful mercury vaper into the atmosphere.

A pattern emerges where we see the same few countries also being the first to ban fluorescent light bulbs. But now we see other countries eager to speed up their efforts. In accordance with the Minamata Convention On Mercury (of which over 100 countries are members) certain fluorescent bulbs were banned from 2020. Amongst them were general purpose (usually used within the home) CFL bulbs with a wattage less than or equal to 30, containing more than 5mg of mercury. This ban included the manufacturing, import and export of these bulbs.

Future bans to prohibit the production of all mercury based products will ensue over many years. This mean eventually there will be an outright ban on all fluorescent based lighting; within UN countries at least.

## Light bulb ban UK
The UK's first introduction to light bulb bans was in 2009, following a European Commission Directive to phase out inefficient light bulbs. Incandescent light bulbs were the first to be targeted for their inefficiency. Since then the majority of incandescent light bulb are no longer available in the UK for general use.

More recently legislation was introduced which saw halogen bulbs banned in the UK. The phase out of high energy halogen light bulbs in the UK started in 2018. Then in September 2021 the sale of all halogen light bulbs (for general house hold use) by retailers was prohibited.

Not stopping there, and in line with the [Minamata Convention On Mercury](https://www.mercuryconvention.org/en); the UK plan to begin the phase out fluorescent light bulbs. This will begin in September 2023 starting with low efficiency fluorescent bulbs.

All this is with the aim to have LED light bulbs account for 85% of all bulbs sold in the UK by 2030; where currently they sit at around 60%. This, they hope, will cut over 1 million tons of CO2 form being produced.

![usa light bulb ban](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662295826/usa_light_bulb_ban_4062d0eac1.webp)

## Light bulb ban US
The US will impose a ban on most Incandescent and Halogen light bulbs starting in August 2023. This is a phase out process that was initiated back in 2007. Not much progression had been made in the time between; and restrictions were even reverted in 2019. But in May 2022 the U.S. Department Of Energy (DOE) ruled that the sale of bulbs producing less than 45 lumens per watt would be prohibited. This will mean nearly all incandescent and halogen bulbs will no longer be sold from 2023; as they fall short of these new standards.

There are over ten states that already impose additional bulb restriction. Some with additional regulations to the Incandescent light bulb ban. And a few US states that have even started to phase out fluorescent light bulbs; which will one day also apply to the whole of America.

## Future Proof Lighting
LED bulbs are the current future of lighting. When looking to replace or update any light fixtures; it is wise to opt for LED. Replacing incandescent with CFL at this stage is not a sustainable decision. Some lighting producers and stockists may look to steer consumers in the direction of fluorescent to off load stock; but CFL bulbs will eventually also fall foul to the light bulb bans put in place across the world.
In Europe a new energy rating label has been produces to keep up with ever advancing appliance efficiency. This includes light sources and light bulbs. This will encourage manufacturers to produce the best performing bulbs in the future. To read more take a look at [New Energy Ratings Label](https://www.ethicalshift.com/sustainable-living/household/new-energy-ratings-label/)


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If you find yourself with bulbs you're looking to dispose of, take a look at [How To Dispose Of A Light Bulb](https://www.ethicalshift.com/recycle/disposing/electrical-goods/how-to-dispose-of-christmas-lights/). Or if you have some old Christmas or fairy light have a read of [How To Dispose Of Christmas Lights](https://www.ethicalshift.com/recycle/disposing/household-accessories/how-to-dispose-of-a-light-bulb/)

Light Bulb Ban | Ethical Shift

You may recognise this symbol, but perhaps not by its official name. This is the Mobius loop, or as it's more commonly known 'the recycle symbol'. Often depicted in green or black, the symbol consists of three folded arrows in a continuous clockwise triangular loop.

## History of the Mobius Loop Recycle Symbol
The name Mobius Loop comes from its indirect depiction of the mathematical discovery, Mobius Strip.

Gary Anderson, the creator of the design, used the Mobius Strip concept 'continuity in a finite entity' to reflect the recycling process. He adapted this by separating the loop into three chasing arrows. This was to represent 'reduce reuse recycle'.

At the time Anderson was studying architecture but had a developing interest in sustainability within the environment. He admitted that the idea didn't take more than a couple of days to come up with. As he had previously created an illustration for a presentation on recycling water waste, which then sparked the idea for this design. Drawing on previous experiences, environmental barriers and mathematical genius allowed Anderson to come up with the winning design.

The quest for a recycling symbol came at a time of increased awareness into environmental issues in the US. This coincided with Americas very first Earth Day in April 1970. The Container Corporation of America (CCA) at the time was the largest producer of recycled corrugated packaging in the states. They presented the competition to design a universal recycling symbol to students across America.

The CCA founder Walter Paepcke married together his successes in recyclable packaging with his keen eye for design trends, to come up with the competition. His intention was to use this new symbol on his recyclable products. This was to portray the integral role recycled paper played in their production. He encouraged other companies, with similar production methods, to also use the symbol on their products.

The design quickly grew in popularity and inevitably became public domain. This did however mean that its ability to be trademarked elapsed. The symbol would unavoidably fall into the hands of the plastics industry, who advanced the design to include numbers. This became the resin indication code system used today.

CCA did attempt to copy write the design. But The New York Environmental Group quashed any chances of approval, citing confusion to consumers after the symbols generous promotion during Earth Day.

Despite The New York Environmental Group's best efforts, confusion within consumer recycling is rife in today's society. Due to the symbol becoming public domain, it allowed for many editions of the original design. Products are now a wash with different recycling symbols and Mobius loop adaptations, each with varying messages.

It's interesting to consider whether Walter Paepcke and Gary Anderson would be proud or disconcerted in the trajectory their design has taken to this day.

![when is a recycle symbol used](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662294932/when_is_a_recycle_symbol_used_c6fb3b9ced.webp)

## When is a recycle symbol used?
The recycling symbol is used to represent an items capability of being recycled. However it does not mean the item will be accepted at all recycling facilities.

It suggests that the material does have the ability to be recycled; but only when done so at a specialised facility capable of doing so. But this is no guarantee that the item will be recycled.

## Variations of the Mobius loop
A secondary representation of this symbol refers to whether the item is made from recycled materials. The difficulty here is that some counties do differ on their guidelines. In the UK it does not indicate an item is made from recycled materials, referenced on the recyclenow website. However in the US, the Federal Trade Commission guidelines state that this symbol can mean an item is made from 100% recyclable materials.

The recycle symbol can also be displayed with a number and percentage sign within it. This is used to indicate how much of the item is made from recycled materials.

![mobius loop recycling percentage](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662294932/mobius_loop_recycling_percentage_f1b4b8213c.webp)

Confusingly there is another adaptation to the symbol which has no relation to recycling. The plastics industry have adopted the use of the Mobius Loop and added their own twist to represent resin codes. A number from 1-7 is displayed within the triangle and sometimes will include an abbreviation of the resin name underneath.

Plastic resin codes:

- 1 - PET: Polyethylene Terephthalate
- 2 - HDPE: High Density Polyethylene
- 3 - PVC: Polyvinyl Chloride
- 4 - LDPE: Low Density Polyethylene
- 5 - PP: Polypropylene
- 6 - PS: Polystyrene
- 7 - Other Plastic

These symbols do not relay whether an item is recyclable. Simply what plastic resin the item is made from.

## Recycle symbol misuse
It's important to be aware when looking at the recycle symbol on packaging. Many people look to purchase products that have packaging which is sustainable. But establishing whether said packaging is just that can be a minefield. Understanding the different variations in recycling symbols will help navigate you in the right direction when it comes to making your purchases. Be mindful that companies like to adorn packaging with multiple symbols to bamboozle consumers into purchasing their products. Don't get caught in this trap.

## Conclusion
So... we have established that the recycling symbol maybe isn't as universal as we'd thought. But here are some great takeaways to help you navigate your way around the world of recycling. When the Mobius Loop recycling symbol is present on an item it means there is possibility for it to be recycled; however is not a guarantee it will be. If you see the symbol with a number and %, this means the item is made partially from recycled materials. But if you see the symbol with a single number inside the triangle, don't be fooled. This does not mean it is recyclable; but just a declaration of its resin code.

And lastly, it is advisable to contact your local authority and clarify the specific materials that are able to be collected and recycled at your local facility from you curb side collection.

Mobius Loop Recycling Symbol | Ethical Shift

Sweden is widely known for its sustainable practices, and is considered to be the most environmentally friendly country in the world. Sweden has a long history of environmentalism, and its citizens are highly engaged in ensuring that their country is as sustainable as possible. Sweden is widely praised for its sustainable infrastructure; examples include their recycling and waste management programs and their investment in renewable energy sources, particularly wind power. Sweden is also a leader in electric vehicle adoption, with nearly one in every three new cars sold in the country being electric. Sweden's commitment to sustainability is evident in its actions, and it is clear that the country is serious about making a real difference.

## Sweden's carbon tax
Sweden has a carbon tax that is designed to help the country reduce its greenhouse gas emissions. This tax is based on the amount of carbon dioxide that is emitted from each type of fuel. The tax is applied at the point of sale, and increases the cost of fuels that emit a large amounts of carbon dioxide. This helps to discourage people from using these fuels and encourages them to switch to more sustainable options. The carbon tax has been very effective in reducing Sweden's greenhouse gas emissions, and it is one of the many reasons why Sweden is considered to be such a sustainable country.

![swedens carbon tax](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662294933/swedens_carbon_tax_32d7820c45.webp)

## Sweden's recycling and waste management system
Sweden has a very efficient recycling and waste management system. Nearly all of the country's household waste is either recycled or incinerated, with only a small amount going to landfill. Sweden also has a number of initiatives in place to reduce food waste. It is working to develop a circular economy, in which waste is reused or recycled instead of being sent to landfill.

### Food waste reduction
Sweden is working to reduce food waste by implementing a number of initiatives. One example is the "food waste prevention week" campaign, which encourages people to think about ways to reduce their food waste. The campaign provides tips and advice on how to waste less food, including offering recipes for dishes that can be made from leftover food. Sweden is also working to develop a circular economy in which food waste is reused or recycled instead of being sent to landfill. This will help the country to reduce its environmental impact and prevent food from going to waste.

### Waste to energy facilities
Another great part of Sweden's sustainable infrastructure is their waste-to-energy facilities. These facilities take the waste and use incineration to generate energy, such as heat and electricity. Tis process relies on the heat to generate steam, which powers turbines that generate electricity. The ash that is left over from incineration can also be used, for things like road construction and agriculture.

Sweden has a number of waste-to-energy facilities, and they play an important role in the country's recycling and waste management system. These facilities help Sweden to reduce its environmental impact by recycling waste and generating renewable energy.

## Electric vehicles in Sweden
Sweden has a number of incentives and policies in place to encourage people to switch to electric vehicles. Some of these incentives include tax breaks, subsidies, and free parking. Sweden also uses incentives to support the development of the electric vehicle industry. These policies include things like quotas for electric vehicles, research and development funding, and subsidies for electric vehicle charging infrastructure.

All these things make Sweden a world leader in electric vehicle adoption. The number of electric vehicles on their roads is growing rapidly, and this is helping to reduce the country's reliance on fossil fuels. Electric vehicles are not only more environmentally friendly than traditional petrol or diesel cars, but they are also cheaper to operate and maintain. This is making them an increasingly popular choice for Swedish motorists.

![electric vehicles](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662294933/electric_vehicles_814a848fa8.webp)

## Sweden's Renewable energy
Sweden currently has a renewable energy industry to be admired. The country is home to some of the largest wind and solar farms in Europe. Wind and solar power is a clean and renewable source of energy, and it is an important part of Sweden's commitment increased sustainability. Sweden has set a goal to produce 100% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2040, and these sources will play an integral role in achieving this goal. The country's wind farms are already providing enough electricity to power more than 1.5 million homes. And this will only increase in the future as Sweden continues to invest in renewable energy.

Sweden is also investing in hydropower. Hydropower is a renewable source of energy that relies on water to generate electricity. Sweden already has a number of hydroelectric plants, and is committed to continue increasing that number.

## Sustainable forestry in Sweden
Sweden's has a large forestry sector and a pretty sustainable one at that. The principles of their sustainable management system, means that forests are managed in a way that ensures they will continue to thrive in the future. This includes replanting trees that have been harvested, and protecting forests from fire and disease. Sweden's forestry sector is an important part of the country's economy, and it plays a vital role in maintaining the country's forests. Sustainable forestry is not only good for the environment, but it also provides jobs and economic benefits for the people of Sweden.

![sustainable forestry](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662294933/sustainable_forestry_fcaadbc76d.webp)

## Sweden's Climate Policy Framework
Sweden is already the leading country in the world when it comes to sustainability. In 2017 the climate policy framework was introduced in Sweden. This was at the time Sweden's most important climate reform in its history; with the goal to be net zero for greenhouse gas emissions by 2045.

The newly introduced climate act and climate policy to be followed by the government will help insure Sweden successfully meets their goal. Targets for individual sectors will be set with closer time frames; such as a 70% reduction (since 1990) in domestic transport by 2030.

Wind power will also play an integral role in the counties target to rely on 100% renewable energy by 2040. And Sweden has also recently introduced a ban on the extraction of coal and natural gases which came into force in July this year (2022).

Sweden's strong commitment to the climate change looks to see it being the first country in the world to become net zero.

## Summary
Sweden is the current global leader in sustainability and is the most environmentally friendly county in the world. It has an enviable sustainably structure in a wide range of industries; and is set to be net zero by 2045. Sweden's tenacity and reliability to its commitments run strong through the whole country, from the government to the public. It is this passion that will inevitably see Sweden becoming the first country in the world to become 100% sustainable and carbon neutral.

Why Sweden Is The Most Environmentally Friendly Country In The World | Ethical Shift

Light bulbs come in a multitude of shapes and sizes. They can have many uses, but all with the same purpose... to produce light. Confusion can come with how to dispose of a light bulb; as it can be hard to differentiate between the different types. So... what are the 4 types of light bulbs? They are LED, Fluorescent, Incandescent and Halogen. Unfortunately they can't all be disposed of or recycled in the same way. In this article we will talk through the different types of light bulbs and how to dispose of them; also including some ways to reuse and upcycles old bulbs.

Over the years light bulbs have significantly advanced from the humble original filament in glass casing, invented by Thomas Edison in 1879. Although these can still be used today in some countries; most places are phasing them out in favour of the more energy efficient LED bulbs. For more on which light bulbs are being phased out, have a read of our article on the [Light Bulb Ban](https://www.ethicalshift.com/sustainable-living/household/light-bulb-ban/).

## What can I do with unwanted light bulbs?
If you find yourself with a light bulb you no longer what, whether it is working or not; there are a few things you can do with an old light bulb:

### What to do with a broken light bulb
If you have a light bulb that is smashed or no longer works, take it to your local recycling centre or WEEE retailor. Alternatively get creative and give it an upcycle into something new like a vase or decoration. More creative upcycling ideas can be found below.

### What to do with light bulbs that still work
If you have bulbs that work but you no longer want; why not offer it to someone that could make use of it. This could include giving it to charity, someone you know or selling it online. Always look to pass on any bulbs that still work rather than just disposing of them; to help reduce waste.

## Can you bin a lightbulb?
Ideally you should never just bin a light bulb. All products that can be recycled, should be. Some places suggest Incandescent and Halogen bulbs be put in the trash as not many places accept them for recycling. And as they don't contain any harmful chemicals this will not be dangerous for landfill sites. However there are places that will accept Incandescent and Halogen bulbs so do look for WEEE recycling program near you.

Fluorescent and CFL bulbs on the other hand must never be put in the bin due to them housing mercury. Which when dumped in landfill in large quantities can damage the surrounding environment.

![recycle light bulbs](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662248594/recycle_light_bulbs_7019dc4bc8.webp)

## Can bulbs be recycled?
Yes! All light bulbs can be recycled. But not everywhere will accept all types. Fluorescent and CFL light bulbs must always be recycled due to them containing mercury; which needs to be disposed of correctly and safely. LED's are easily recyclable, with some parts having the possibility of being reused. Incandescent and Halogen bulbs are a little trickier, as not all places will accept these due to them being harder to recycle. Carry on reading to find out more about recycling each specific bulb type.

### Can I put light bulbs in my recycling?
Most house hold curb side recycling bin collections will not accept light bulbs. This is usually due to their delicate nature and composition. The four types of bulbs are all made up of different materials, which need to be handled separately. So taking them to a specific facility is necessary. But do check with your local authority for rules near you.

![how to upcycle a light bulb](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662248594/how_to_upcycle_a_light_bulb_1b54cb27b7.webp)

## Upcycle light bulbs
Upcycling is a great way to make use of your old exhausted light bulbs. The old style incandescent bulbs are usually the best bulbs to use; they have the big bulb shape which can be hollowed out and are see through. Get the arts and crafts kit out and get creative. Also a great one to get the children involved in. So...What can you make out of light bulbs?

### Light Bulb Upcycling Ideas
Reuse as a light by attaching an LED bulb.
- Paint and decorate to make characters.
- Decorate and use as Christmas decorations.
- Pop a solar powered LED in the end to use as a garden light source.
- Put in some soil and plants to make a terrarium.
- Remove the top and add water to use as a vase.
- Hang as decorative art.
- Paint and add string to make a decorative hot air balloon.
- Fill with concrete and add a screw to make a wall hook.
- Attach empty bulbs to LED fair lights to give an old school effect. Slip a balloon over the bulb to create different colours.

## How to get rid of Fluorescent and CFL light bulbs
It is very important that you dispose of fluorescent or compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) bulbs properly and safely. These bulbs contain mercury; which is a toxic heavy metal. Albeit used in small quantities; this can still be very harmful to both you and the environment.

Mercury from broken bulbs can leak into the air, soil and water ways. This is why CFL bulbs should never be placed in the trash, ultimately ending up in landfill. It is therefore imperative you take these types of bulbs to the correct disposal facility. Your local recycling centre is likely to be able to accept them, but do check first. WEEE recycling retailors will usually accept these also.

Be careful when transporting fluorescent bulbs to ensure they do not smash on route. If you do have a smashed bulb, be sure to dispose of it as soon as possible; to limit your contact with any leaking mercury.

## How to get rid of Incandescent light bulbs
Incandescent bulbs are the oldest type of bulb and are no longer widely used or sold across the world. However you may find that you do have an old one lying around and or coming to the end of its life. You'll therefore need to know how to dispose of an incandescent light bulb.

The trouble with incandescent bulbs is that they're made of thin glass and wires; this makes the recycling process very difficult. Unfortunately this deters many recycling facilities from accepting incandescent bulbs. But there are places out there that will accept them; so have a search in your local area.

As a last resort, you can put incandescent bulbs in the trash. They do not contain any harmful chemicals and therefore won't cause any drastic harmful impacts on the environment, when placed in landfill.

## How to get rid of Halogen light bulbs
As Halogen bulbs are very similar to incandescent bulbs the disposal processes are the same. Try to find a recycling facility that will accept this type of bulb. But if not, then it is acceptable for halogen bulbs to be put in the trash.

![how to get rid of light bulbs](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662248594/how_to_get_rid_of_light_bulbs_6c78b5c612.webp)

## How to get rid of LED light bulbs
LEDs are the leading bulbs in terms of energy efficiency and ability to be recycled. Their all round sustainability is what makes the LED the best bulb to choose. Nearly all LED bulbs produced are recyclable and increasingly we are seeing new bulbs being made from recycled materials.

An LED bulb is made up of mainly metal, glass and plastic. All of these components have the ability to be recycled and will be accepted in multiple places. Local recycling centres, WEEE recycling programs and even retailers are all likely to accept LED bulbs.

Don't throw LED bulbs in the trash as this is a waste of precious recourses. It can be tempting as they are only small and don't seem worth the trip to the dump. But save a few bits up and take them all in one go instead. Every little helps when it comes to saving the planet.

## Disposing of light bulbs
Ultimately when it comes to disposing of light bulbs, it is first important to establish the type of bulb you have. This will determine the disposal process you need to follow. Make sure to dispose of them sustainably, by opting to recycle where possible and avoid throwing bulbs in the trash.

\
If you have Christmas or fairy lights similar rules apply. You can read more here on [How To Dispose Of Christmas Lights](https://www.ethicalshift.com/recycle/disposing/electrical-goods/how-to-dispose-of-christmas-lights/).

How To Dispose Of A Light Bulb | Ethical Shift

Citristrip is a chemical that is used to strip paint from surfaces. You should never pour it down the drain, as it can damage pipes and create unsafe conditions. Instead, find an appropriate disposal site for hazardous materials in your area.

## How toxic is Citristrip?
Citristrip is not very toxic, but you should still be careful when handling it. If you get it on your skin, wash it off immediately. If you swallow it, drink plenty of water and seek medical attention.

Although it's not extremely toxic Citristrip is bad for the environment because it can damage pipes and create unsafe conditions. It can also contaminate water supplies, which can be harmful to both people and animals. If you must use Citristrip, be sure to dispose of it properly so that it doesn't end up in the environment.

## How to dispose of Citristrip
Citristrip is a chemical that is used to strip paint from surfaces. You should never pour it down the drain, as it can damage pipes and create unsafe conditions. Instead, find an appropriate disposal site for hazardous materials in your area.

Some cities have special collection days for hazardous materials. Check with your city's waste management department to see if this is an option in your area. You can also take it to a household hazardous waste facility.

## How to store Citristrip
Citristrip should be stored in a cool, dry place. Keep it out of reach of children and pets. Make sure the container is tightly sealed when not in use.

When using Citristrip, always follow the manufacturer's instructions. Wear gloves and a respirator if recommended. Work in a well-ventilated area. Never mix Citristrip with other chemicals.

How To Dispose Of Citristrip | Ethical Shift

If you've ever worked with silicone, you know that it can be a real pain to get rid of. Thankfully, there are several ways to dispose of it properly so that it doesn't end up in the landfill. Here are three methods that can help you get rid of your silicone safely and responsibly.

## How to recycle silicone
To recycle silicone, you can either reuse it yourself or send it to a recycling centre. If you choose to recycle it yourself, make sure to clean it thoroughly first. You can then use it for other purposes such as sealing windows or doors, caulking cracks, or making new silicone products. If you decide to send it to a recycling centre, they will likely melt it down and use it to create new silicone products.

## Is silicone harmful to the environment?
If disposed of improperly, silicone can be harmful to the environment. It is important to recycle silicone products whenever possible, and to avoid throwing them in the trash. Silicone can release pollutants into the air and water if incinerated or dumped into the trash, so it is important to take measures to prevent this from happening.

## Is Silicone better than plastic?
There is much debate over whether silicone or plastic is better for the environment. Silicone is often seen as a more environmentally friendly option, as it is biodegradable and recyclable. However, some argue that the manufacturing process of silicone can be harmful to the environment, whereas plastic is made from oil, which is a non-renewable resource. In the end, it depends on individual circumstances as to which material is better for the environment. If you are looking to be as eco-friendly as possible, then silicone may be the better option for you. However, if you are trying to reduce your reliance on oil, then plastic may be a better choice. Ultimately, it is up to the individual to decide which material is best for their needs.

![is silicone better than plastic](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662248059/is_silicone_better_than_plastic_127b64c212.webp)

## The effects of silicone on the environment
Despite being recyclable, biodegradable, and often seen as a more sustainable option, silicone can still have negative effects on the environment. The manufacturing process of silicone can be harmful to the air and water, and if disposed of improperly, it can release pollutants into the atmosphere and water. Additionally, silicone is not always easy to recycle, so there is a risk that it will end up in the landfill and cause harm to the environment. Therefore, it is important to take measures to recycle silicone products whenever possible, and to dispose of them properly if recycling is not an option. By doing so, we can help to reduce the negative impact that silicone has on the environment.

 How To Dispose Of Silicone | Ethical Shift

Linseed oil is a great product to use when you're painting. However, it can be difficult to know how to dispose of it properly. In this article we'll give you some tips on how to get rid of linseed oil safely and responsibly. Keep reading to learn more!

## Can linseed oil spontaneously combust?
The possibility of linseed oil spontaneously combusting is a real concern. Linseed oil is a highly flammable liquid, and if it is not disposed of properly, it could easily ignite and cause a fire. It is important to take precautions when disposing of linseed oil, and to make sure that it is done in an environmentally friendly way.

![can linseed oil spontaneously combust](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662247871/can_linseed_oil_spontaneously_combust_861edda882.webp)

## How to dispose of Linseed Oil Rags Soaked In Water?
When disposing of linseed oil rags that are soaked in water, it is important to take extra precautions. These rags can be very flammable, and if they are not handled properly, they could easily ignite and cause a fire.

The best way to dispose of these rags is to place them in a metal container that can be securely closed. Make sure that the container is placed away from any heat sources or direct sunlight, and that it is not in a location where it could easily be knocked over.

## Is Linseed Oil bad for the environment
Linseed oil is not bad for the environment, but it is important to dispose of it properly. If Linseed oil is disposed of improperly, it could easily ignite and cause a fire. It is important to take precautions when disposing of linseed oil, and to make sure that it is done in an environmentally friendly way.

## How to recycle Linseed oil
When disposing of linseed oil, it is important to consider ways to reuse or donate the oil instead of just throwing it away. There are many ways to reuse linseed oil, and it can be a valuable resource for artists and crafters. Some ideas for reusing linseed oil include:

- Using it as a base for paint or other craft projects
- Adding it to soap or shampoo to help moisturize hair or skin
- Mixing it with vinegar to make a natural wood polish
- Using it as a treatment for wooden furniture or floors
- Adding it to compost to help break down organic material

If you are not able to reuse the oil yourself, you can also donate it to a local arts organization or recycling centre. This can help reduce the environmental impact of disposing of linseed oil.

## How to dispose of linseed oil
One way to dispose of linseed oil is to pour it into a container that can be sealed, such as a plastic bottle or a metal can. Make sure the container is properly labelled, indicating that it contains flammable liquids. Then, take the container to a local recycling centre or hazardous waste facility. However, it is important to check with local authorities beforehand to make sure that this method of disposal is accepted.

How To Dispose Of Linseed Oil | Ethical Shift

Rugs can be a big investment and will usually last you a long time. But inevitably, there will come a point when you find yourself asking how do I get rid of an old rug? To help the environment there are some alternatives to disposing which you could consider first. Rugs are often made of strong durable fibres which can be put to other purposes. So upcycling your old rug into something new could be a great option. However if it is past the point of no return, it's important to dispose of a rug sustainably.

![paint a rug](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662247449/paint_a_rug_8612a76dfe.webp)

## What can you do with old rugs?
Always try to consider ways to reuse your old rug before disposing of it. There are so many things old rugs can be turned into or used for, other than their original purpose. Alternatively, if the rug is still in good condition you could give it a new home.

Here is a list of what you can do with an old rug:

- Sell it
- Give it to charity
- Offer to someone you know
- Hang up as wall art or tapestry
- Make cushion covers
- Cut up to make smaller mats
- Use as an outdoor rug
- Paint and use as children's play mat
- Make into a tote bag
- Use it for animal / pet bedding or insulation

![upcycle rug](https://res.cloudinary.com/ethicalshift/image/upload/v1662247449/upcycle_rug_acaff1a6f6.webp)

## How to upcycle a rug
There are loads of fun and useful ways to upcycle an old rug. Rugs come in all shapes, sizes and materials, so there is always something it can be reused for. Just give your rug a good clean and you are good to go.

Small thinner rugs can make great cushion covers, be used to reupholster furniture or be made into a tote bag. Below you can find a short video showing you just how easy it can be to turn a rug into a pillow.

If your rug is losing its colour, why not paint it? Use stencils or tap to mark out a pattern and get painting. This is also a great way to turn your old rug into a children's play mat. Use bright shapes and colours. Or draw on something like a road, snakes and ladders or a chess board.

Pets can also make great use of your old rug. Put it in a cage as lining or bedding. This will give them comfort and insulation. Cats also LOVE rugs; to lie on or scratch. If you don't have a pet you could donate it to an animal shelter to make good use of.

Using old rugs outdoors and for gardening is another great option. Larger thinker rugs that are made of more durable fabrics would be perfect to use outside or decking to make a cosy living area. Rugs can also be used in gardening for protecting areas from weeds or insulating a compost heap.

## Donating a rug to charity
If you rug is still in good condition, charities will be happy to take it off your hands. Depending on the charity, they may either sell it on and use the proceeds or give it to someone in need. Check with the charity you would like to donate to as they may offer a collection service. This is a great way to give your old rug a new lease of life and help others in the process.

## Recycling your old rug
It is not always obvious that rugs can be recycled. Often people will just throw them in the trash, ending up in landfill. But there are plenty of ways to recycle an old rug.

Check with you local authority. They may offer a collection service or will be able to advise you on a local recycling facility near you that will accept rugs.

In America there is an organisation called Carpet America Recovery Effort or CARE for short. They will collect old carpets and rugs to be recycled [Carpetrecovery](https://carpetrecovery.org/)

There is also a similar organisation across the pond call Carpet Recycling UK. Whose aim is to reduce carpet waste across the UK via recycling.

Ultimately, if you are looking to dispose of a rug there are a multitude of things you can do. Try to always choose an option that involves reusing or recycling. Either reuse it yourself by upcycling; or give it a new home via selling or donating. But if your rug is past it, recycle it through a reputable organisation or your local facility.

How To Dispose Of A Rug | Ethical Shift

Formaldehyde is a colorless gas with a characteristic pungent smell. It is used in the manufacture of resins, plastics, and other synthetic materials. It is also used as a disinfectant and preservative.

Formaldehyde is a by-product of combustion and certain industrial processes. It is also present in the environment, both indoors and outdoors.

## How do you neutralize formaldehyde?
Formaldehyde can be neutralized by a variety of methods. The most common is to mix it with an acid; the acid helps to break down the formaldehyde molecule. You can also use a base to neutralize formaldehyde, but it's important to make sure that you use the correct strength and type of base or you could end up making the problem worse. A professional should always be consulted when working with formaldehyde.

## Is formaldehyde a biohazard?
Formaldehyde is a biohazard because it is a poisonous gas. It can cause skin burns, blurred vision, and difficulty breathing. When formaldehyde is used to preserve tissue specimens, it can cause cancer. For these reasons, it is important to handle formaldehyde carefully and dispose of it properly.

## Is formaldehyde a hazardous waste?
Formaldehyde is a hazardous waste because it is a corrosive and flammable liquid. It can also cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. When formaldehyde is released into the air, it can also cause cancer. Therefore, it is important to dispose of formaldehyde properly to protect yourself and the environment.

## How do you dispose of formaldehyde in your home?
The most environmentally friendly way to dispose of formaldehyde is to recycle it. Many communities have recycling facilities that accept hazardous materials like formaldehyde. If your community does not have a recycling program for hazardous materials, you may be able to find a company online that will accept the material for recycling. You can also contact your local hazardous waste disposal company to find out how to dispose of formaldehyde in your area.

## Health and safety concerns
Exposure to formaldehyde can cause irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. It can also cause difficulty breathing, coughing, and wheezing. More serious health effects include cancer of the respiratory tract.

How To Make Biodegradable Plastic Corn Starch

Ingredients / Equipment

Process

Is corn starch plastic biodegradable?

How long does cornstarch take to biodegrade?

What are the downsides to using bioplastics?